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A Different Kind of Kaleidoscope

Douglas S. Goodman

Most kaleidoscopes work by forming multiple reflections, at various orientations, of a pattern at their input surface. Described here is a kaleidoscope, in which the entrance is uniformly illuminated, and a pattern results from changes in polarization produced by the reflections themselves. One form consists of four pieces of front surface mirror combined to give a square internally reflecting tube. more>>

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Optical Information Processing for Encryption and Security Systems

Bahram Javidi

This article provides a discussion of new optical information processing techniques for encryption, security, and anti-counterfeiting that have been shown to perform well for a variety of problems and applications. more>>

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Strategies Toward Sub-0.25 µm Lithography

Bruce W. Smith

Bruce Smith discusses various issues relating to sub-0.25 µm lithography, including source wavelength, illumination, masking, and materials. more>>